diff --git a/user_guide/helpers/form_helper.html b/user_guide/helpers/form_helper.html
index 82ee29a..c265952 100644
--- a/user_guide/helpers/form_helper.html
+++ b/user_guide/helpers/form_helper.html
@@ -1,386 +1,386 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
-<html>
-<head>
-
-<title>CodeIgniter User Guide : Form Helper</title>
-
-<style type='text/css' media='all'>@import url('../userguide.css');</style>
-<link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' media='all' href='../userguide.css' />
-
-<script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/nav.js"></script>
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-<script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/moo.fx.js"></script>
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-
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-<meta http-equiv='expires' content='-1' />
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-<meta name='robots' content='all' />
-<meta name='author' content='Rick Ellis' />
-<meta name='description' content='CodeIgniter User Guide' />
-
-</head>
-<body>
-
-<!-- START NAVIGATION -->
-<div id="nav"><div id="nav_inner"><script type="text/javascript">create_menu('../');</script></div></div>
-<div id="nav2"><a name="top"></a><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="myHeight.toggle();"><img src="../images/nav_toggle.jpg" width="153" height="44" border="0" title="Toggle Table of Contents" alt="Toggle Table of Contents" /></a></div>
-<div id="masthead">
-<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="width:100%">
-<tr>
-<td><h1>CodeIgniter User Guide Version 1.5.4</h1></td>
-<td id="breadcrumb_right"><a href="../toc.html">Table of Contents Page</a></td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-<!-- END NAVIGATION -->
-
-
-<!-- START BREADCRUMB -->
-<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="width:100%">
-<tr>
-<td id="breadcrumb">
-<a href="http://www.codeigniter.com/">CodeIgniter Home</a> &nbsp;&#8250;&nbsp;
-<a href="../index.html">User Guide Home</a> &nbsp;&#8250;&nbsp;
-Form Helper
-</td>
-<td id="searchbox"><form method="get" action="http://www.google.com/search"><input type="hidden" name="as_sitesearch" id="as_sitesearch" value="codeigniter.com/user_guide/" />Search User Guide&nbsp; <input type="text" class="input" style="width:200px;" name="q" id="q" size="31" maxlength="255" value="" />&nbsp;<input type="submit" class="submit" name="sa" value="Go" /></form></td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-<!-- END BREADCRUMB -->
-
-<br clear="all" />
-
-
-<!-- START CONTENT -->
-<div id="content">
-
-
-<h1>Form Helper</h1>
-
-<p>The Form Helper file contains functions that assist in working with forms.</p>
-
-
-<h2>Loading this Helper</h2>
-
-<p>This helper is loaded using the following code:</p>
-<code>$this->load->helper('form');</code>
-
-<p>The following functions are available:</p>
-
-
-
-<h2>form_open()</h2>
-
-<p>Creates an opening form tag with a base URL <strong>built from your config preferences</strong>.  It will optionally let you
-add form attributes and hidden input fields.</p>
-
-<p>The main benefit of using this tag rather than hard coding your own HTML is that it permits your site to be more portable
-in the event your URLs ever change.</p>
-
-<p>Here's a simple example:</p>
-
-<code>echo form_open('email/send');</code>
-
-<p>The above example would create a form that points to your base URL plus the "email/send" URI segments, like this:</p>
-
-<code>&lt;form method="post" action="http:/www.your-site.com/index.php/email/send" /></code>
-
-<h4>Adding Attributes</h4>
-
-<p>Attributes can be added by passing an associative array to the second parameter, like this:</p>
-
-<code>
-$attributes = array('class' => 'email', 'id' => 'myform');<br />
-<br />
-echo form_open('email/send', $attributes);</code>
-
-<p>The above example would create a form similar to this:</p>
-
-<code>&lt;form method="post" action="http:/www.your-site.com/index.php/email/send" &nbsp;class="email" &nbsp;id="myform" /></code>
-
-<h4>Adding Hidden Input Fields</h4>
-
-<p>Hidden fields can be added by passing an associative array to the third parameter, like this:</p>
-
-<code>
-$hidden = array('username' => 'Joe', 'member_id' => '234');<br />
-<br />
-echo form_open('email/send', '', $hidden);</code>
-
-<p>The above example would create a form similar to this:</p>
-
-<code>&lt;form method="post" action="http:/www.your-site.com/index.php/email/send" &nbsp;class="email" &nbsp;id="myform" /><br />
-&lt;input type="hidden" name="username" value="Joe" /><br />
-&lt;input type="hidden" name="member_id" value="234" /></code>
-
-
-<h2>form_open_multipart()</h2>
-
-<p>This function is absolutely identical to the <dfn>form_open()</dfn> tag above except that it adds a multipart attribute,
-which is necessary if you would like to use the form to upload files with.</p>
-
-<h2>form_hidden()</h2>
-
-<p>Lets you generate hidden input fields.  You can either submit a name/value string to create one field:</p>
-
-<code>form_hidden('username', 'johndoe');<br />
-<br />
-// Would produce:<br /><br />
-&lt;input type="hidden" name="username" value="johnodoe" /></code>
-
-<p>Or you can submit an associative array to create multiple fields:</p>
-
-<code>$data = array(<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'name'&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'John Doe',<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'email' => 'john@example.com',<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'url'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'http://www.example.com'<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;);<br />
-<br />
-echo form_hidden($data);<br />
-<br />
-// Would produce:<br /><br />
-&lt;input type="hidden" name="name" value="John Doe" /><br />
-&lt;input type="hidden" name="email" value="john@example.com" /><br />
-&lt;input type="hidden" name="url" value="http://www.example.com" /></code>
-
-
-
-
-<h2>form_input()</h2>
-
-<p>Lets you generate a standard text input field.  You can minimally pass the field name and value in the first
-and second parameter:</p>
-
-<code>echo form_input('username', 'johndoe');</code>
-
-<p>Or you can pass an associative array containing any data you wish your form to contain:</p>
-
-<code>$data = array(<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'name'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'username',<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'id'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'username',<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'value'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'johndoe',<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'maxlength'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> '100',<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'size'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> '50',<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'style'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; => 'width:50%',<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;);<br />
-<br />
-echo form_input($data);<br />
-<br />
-// Would produce:<br /><br />
-&lt;input type="text" name="username" id="username" value="johndoe" maxlength="100" size="50" style="width:50%" /></code>
-
-<p>If you would like your form to contain some additional data, like JavaScript, you can pass it as a string in the
-third parameter:</p>
-
-<code>$js = 'onClick="some_function()"';<br />
-<br />
-echo form_input('username', 'johndoe', $js);</code>
-
-<h2>form_password()</h2>
-
-<p>This function is identical in all respects to the <dfn>form_input()</dfn> function above
-except that is sets it as a "password" type.</p>
-
-<h2>form_upload()</h2>
-
-<p>This function is identical in all respects to the <dfn>form_input()</dfn> function above
-except that is sets it as a "file" type, allowing it to be used to upload files.</p>
-
-<h2>form_textarea()</h2>
-
-<p>This function is identical in all respects to the <dfn>form_input()</dfn> function above
-except that it generates a "textarea" type. Note: Instead of the "maxlength" and "size" attributes in the above
-example, you will instead specify "rows" and "cols".</p>
-
-
-<h2>form_dropdown()</h2>
-
-<p>Lets you create a standard drop-down field.  The first parameter will contain the name of the field,
-the second parameter will contain an associative array of options, and the third parameter will contain the
-value you wish to be selected.  Example:</p>
-
-<code>$options = array(<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'small'&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'Small Shirt',<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'med'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'Medium Shirt',<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'large'&nbsp;&nbsp; => 'Large Shirt',<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'xlarge' => 'Extra Large Shirt',<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;);<br />
-<br />
-echo form_dropdown('shirts', $options, 'large');<br />
-<br />
-// Would produce:<br /><br />
-
-&lt;select name="shirts"><br />
-&lt;option value="small">Small Shirt&lt;/option><br />
-&lt;option value="med">Medium  Shirt&lt;/option><br />
-&lt;option value="large" selected>Large Shirt&lt;/option><br />
-&lt;option value="xlarge">Extra Large Shirt&lt;/option><br />
-&lt;/select></code>
-
-
-<p>If you would like the opening &lt;select> to contain  additional data, like JavaScript, you can pass it as a string in the
-fourth parameter:</p>
-
-<code>$js = 'onChange="some_function()"';<br />
-<br />
-echo form_dropdown('shirts', $options, 'large', $js);</code>
-
-
-<h2>form_fieldset()</h2>
-
-<p>Lets you generate fieldset/legend fields.</p>
-<code>echo form_fieldset('Address Information');<br />
-echo &quot;&lt;p&gt;fieldset content here&lt;/p&gt;\n&quot;;<br />
-echo form_fieldset_close();
-<br />
-<br />
-// Produces<br />
-&lt;fieldset id=&quot;address_info&quot;&gt;  
-<br />
-&lt;legend&gt;Address Information&lt;/legend&gt;  
-<br />
-&lt;p&gt;form content here&lt;/p&gt;  
-<br />
-&lt;/fieldset&gt;</code>
-<p>Similar to other functions, you can submit an associative array in the second parameter if you prefer to set additional attributes. </p>
-<p><code>$attributes = array('class' =&gt; 'address_info');<br />
-    echo form_fieldset('Address Information', $attributes);<br />
-echo &quot;&lt;p&gt;fieldset content here&lt;/p&gt;\n&quot;;<br />
-echo form_fieldset_close(); <br />
-<br />
-// Produces<br />
-&lt;fieldset id=&quot;address_info&quot; class=&quot;address_info&quot;&gt; <br />
-&lt;legend&gt;Address Information&lt;/legend&gt; <br />
-&lt;p&gt;form content here&lt;/p&gt; <br />
-&lt;/fieldset&gt;</code></p>
-<h2>form_fieldset_close()</h2>
-<p>Produces a closing &lt;/fieldset&gt; tag.  The only advantage to using this function is it permits you to pass data to it
-    which will be added below the tag.  For example:</p>
-<code>$string = &quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;;<br />
-<br />
-echo fieldset_close($string);<br />
-<br />
-// Would produce:<br />
-&lt;/fieldset&gt;<br />
-&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</code>
-<h2>form_checkbox()</h2>
-<p>Lets you generate a checkbox field. Simple example:</p>
-<code>echo form_checkbox('newsletter', 'accept', TRUE);<br />
-<br />
-// Would produce:<br />
-<br />
-&lt;input type=&quot;checkbox&quot; name=&quot;newsletter&quot; value=&quot;accept&quot; checked=&quot;checked&quot; /&gt;</code>
-<p>The third parameter contains a boolean TRUE/FALSE to determine whether the box should be checked or not.</p>
-<p>Similar to the other form functions in this helper, you can also pass an array of attributes to the function:</p>
-
-<code>$data = array(<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'name'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'newsletter',<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'id'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'newsletter',<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'value'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'accept',<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'checked'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> TRUE,<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'style'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; => 'margin:10px',<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;);<br />
-<br />
-echo form_checkbox($data);<br />
-<br />
-// Would produce:<br /><br />
-&lt;input type="checkbox" name="newsletter" id="newsletter" value="accept" checked="checked" style="margin:10px" /></code>
-
-<p>As with other functions, if you would like the tag to contain  additional data, like JavaScript, you can pass it as a string in the
-fourth parameter:</p>
-
-<code>$js = 'onClick="some_function()"';<br />
-<br />
- echo form_checkbox('newsletter', 'accept', TRUE, $js)</code>
-
-
-<h2>form_radio()</h2>
-<p>This function is identical in all respects to the <dfn>form_checkbox()</dfn> function above except that is sets it as a "radio" type.</p>
-
-
-<h2>form_submit()</h2>
-
-<p>Lets you generate a standard submit button. Simple example:</p>
-<code>echo form_submit('mysubmit', 'Submit Post!');<br />
-<br />
-// Would produce:<br />
-<br />
-&lt;input type=&quot;submit&quot; name=&quot;mysubmit&quot; value=&quot;Submit Post!&quot; /&gt;</code>
-<p>Similar to other functions, you can submit an associative array in the first parameter if you prefer to set your own attributes.
-    The third parameter lets you add extra data to your form, like JavaScript.</p>
-<h2>form_label()</h2>
-<p>Lets you generate a &lt;label&gt;. Simple example:</p>
-<code>echo form_label('What is your Name', 'username');<br />
-<br />
-// Would produce:
-<br />
-&lt;label id=&quot;username&quot;&gt;What is your Name&lt;/label&gt;</code>
-<p>Similar to other functions, you can submit an associative array in the third parameter if you prefer to set additional attributes.    </p>
-<p><code>$attributes = array(<br />
-    	 'class' =&gt; 'mycustomclass',<br />
-    	 'style' =&gt; 'color: #000;',<br />
-);<br />
-    echo form_label('What is your Name', 'username', $attributes);<br />
-        <br />
-// Would produce: <br />
-&lt;label id=&quot;username&quot; class=&quot;mycustomclass&quot; style=&quot;color: #000;&quot;&gt;What is your Name&lt;/label&gt;</code></p>
-<h2>form_reset()</h2>
-
-<p>Lets you generate a standard reset button. Use is identical to <dfn>form_submit()</dfn>.</p>
-
-<h2>form_close()</h2>
-
-<p>Produces a closing &lt;/form> tag.  The only advantage to using this function is it permits you to pass data to it
-which will be added below the tag.  For example:</p>
-
-<code>$string = "&lt;/div>&lt;/div>";<br />
-<br />
-echo form_close($string);<br />
-<br />
-// Would produce:<br />
-<br />
-&lt;/form><br />
-&lt;/div>&lt;/div></code>
-
-
-
-
-
-<h2>form_prep()</h2>
-
-<p>Allows you to safely use HTML and characters such as quotes within form elements without breaking out of the form.  Consider this example:</p>
-
-<code>$string = 'Here is a string containing <strong>"quoted"</strong> text.';<br />
-<br />
-&lt;input type="text" name="myform" value="<var>$string</var>" /></code>
-
-<p>Since the above string contains a set of quotes it will cause the form to break.
-The form_prep function converts HTML so that it can be used safely:</p>
-
-<code>&lt;input type="text" name="myform" value="<var>&lt;?php echo form_prep($string); ?></var>" /></code>
-
-<p class="important"><strong>Note:</strong> If you use any of the form helper functions listed in this page the form
-values will be prepped automatically, so there is no need to call this function. Use it only if you are
-creating your own form elements.</p>
-
-
-
-
-</div>
-<!-- END CONTENT -->
-
-
-<div id="footer">
-<p>
-Previous Topic:&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="file_helper.html">File Helper</a>
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<a href="#top">Top of Page</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<a href="../index.html">User Guide Home</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&middot;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-Next Topic:&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="html_helper.html">HTML Helper</a>
-</p>
-<p><a href="http://www.codeigniter.com">CodeIgniter</a> &nbsp;&middot;&nbsp; Copyright &#169; 2007 &nbsp;&middot;&nbsp; <a href="http://ellislab.com/">Ellislab, Inc.</a></p>
-</div>
-
-</body>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html>
+<head>
+
+<title>CodeIgniter User Guide : Form Helper</title>
+
+<style type='text/css' media='all'>@import url('../userguide.css');</style>
+<link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' media='all' href='../userguide.css' />
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/nav.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/prototype.lite.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/moo.fx.js"></script>
+<script type="text/javascript" src="../nav/user_guide_menu.js"></script>
+
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<meta http-equiv='expires' content='-1' />
+<meta http-equiv= 'pragma' content='no-cache' />
+<meta name='robots' content='all' />
+<meta name='author' content='Rick Ellis' />
+<meta name='description' content='CodeIgniter User Guide' />
+
+</head>
+<body>
+
+<!-- START NAVIGATION -->
+<div id="nav"><div id="nav_inner"><script type="text/javascript">create_menu('../');</script></div></div>
+<div id="nav2"><a name="top"></a><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="myHeight.toggle();"><img src="../images/nav_toggle.jpg" width="153" height="44" border="0" title="Toggle Table of Contents" alt="Toggle Table of Contents" /></a></div>
+<div id="masthead">
+<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="width:100%">
+<tr>
+<td><h1>CodeIgniter User Guide Version 1.5.4</h1></td>
+<td id="breadcrumb_right"><a href="../toc.html">Table of Contents Page</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+</div>
+<!-- END NAVIGATION -->
+
+
+<!-- START BREADCRUMB -->
+<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="width:100%">
+<tr>
+<td id="breadcrumb">
+<a href="http://www.codeigniter.com/">CodeIgniter Home</a> &nbsp;&#8250;&nbsp;
+<a href="../index.html">User Guide Home</a> &nbsp;&#8250;&nbsp;
+Form Helper
+</td>
+<td id="searchbox"><form method="get" action="http://www.google.com/search"><input type="hidden" name="as_sitesearch" id="as_sitesearch" value="codeigniter.com/user_guide/" />Search User Guide&nbsp; <input type="text" class="input" style="width:200px;" name="q" id="q" size="31" maxlength="255" value="" />&nbsp;<input type="submit" class="submit" name="sa" value="Go" /></form></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<!-- END BREADCRUMB -->
+
+<br clear="all" />
+
+
+<!-- START CONTENT -->
+<div id="content">
+
+
+<h1>Form Helper</h1>
+
+<p>The Form Helper file contains functions that assist in working with forms.</p>
+
+
+<h2>Loading this Helper</h2>
+
+<p>This helper is loaded using the following code:</p>
+<code>$this->load->helper('form');</code>
+
+<p>The following functions are available:</p>
+
+
+
+<h2>form_open()</h2>
+
+<p>Creates an opening form tag with a base URL <strong>built from your config preferences</strong>.  It will optionally let you
+add form attributes and hidden input fields.</p>
+
+<p>The main benefit of using this tag rather than hard coding your own HTML is that it permits your site to be more portable
+in the event your URLs ever change.</p>
+
+<p>Here's a simple example:</p>
+
+<code>echo form_open('email/send');</code>
+
+<p>The above example would create a form that points to your base URL plus the "email/send" URI segments, like this:</p>
+
+<code>&lt;form method="post" action="http:/www.your-site.com/index.php/email/send" /></code>
+
+<h4>Adding Attributes</h4>
+
+<p>Attributes can be added by passing an associative array to the second parameter, like this:</p>
+
+<code>
+$attributes = array('class' => 'email', 'id' => 'myform');<br />
+<br />
+echo form_open('email/send', $attributes);</code>
+
+<p>The above example would create a form similar to this:</p>
+
+<code>&lt;form method="post" action="http:/www.your-site.com/index.php/email/send" &nbsp;class="email" &nbsp;id="myform" /></code>
+
+<h4>Adding Hidden Input Fields</h4>
+
+<p>Hidden fields can be added by passing an associative array to the third parameter, like this:</p>
+
+<code>
+$hidden = array('username' => 'Joe', 'member_id' => '234');<br />
+<br />
+echo form_open('email/send', '', $hidden);</code>
+
+<p>The above example would create a form similar to this:</p>
+
+<code>&lt;form method="post" action="http:/www.your-site.com/index.php/email/send" &nbsp;class="email" &nbsp;id="myform" /><br />
+&lt;input type="hidden" name="username" value="Joe" /><br />
+&lt;input type="hidden" name="member_id" value="234" /></code>
+
+
+<h2>form_open_multipart()</h2>
+
+<p>This function is absolutely identical to the <dfn>form_open()</dfn> tag above except that it adds a multipart attribute,
+which is necessary if you would like to use the form to upload files with.</p>
+
+<h2>form_hidden()</h2>
+
+<p>Lets you generate hidden input fields.  You can either submit a name/value string to create one field:</p>
+
+<code>form_hidden('username', 'johndoe');<br />
+<br />
+// Would produce:<br /><br />
+&lt;input type="hidden" name="username" value="johnodoe" /></code>
+
+<p>Or you can submit an associative array to create multiple fields:</p>
+
+<code>$data = array(<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'name'&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'John Doe',<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'email' => 'john@example.com',<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'url'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'http://www.example.com'<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;);<br />
+<br />
+echo form_hidden($data);<br />
+<br />
+// Would produce:<br /><br />
+&lt;input type="hidden" name="name" value="John Doe" /><br />
+&lt;input type="hidden" name="email" value="john@example.com" /><br />
+&lt;input type="hidden" name="url" value="http://www.example.com" /></code>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>form_input()</h2>
+
+<p>Lets you generate a standard text input field.  You can minimally pass the field name and value in the first
+and second parameter:</p>
+
+<code>echo form_input('username', 'johndoe');</code>
+
+<p>Or you can pass an associative array containing any data you wish your form to contain:</p>
+
+<code>$data = array(<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'name'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'username',<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'id'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'username',<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'value'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'johndoe',<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'maxlength'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> '100',<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'size'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> '50',<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'style'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; => 'width:50%',<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;);<br />
+<br />
+echo form_input($data);<br />
+<br />
+// Would produce:<br /><br />
+&lt;input type="text" name="username" id="username" value="johndoe" maxlength="100" size="50" style="width:50%" /></code>
+
+<p>If you would like your form to contain some additional data, like JavaScript, you can pass it as a string in the
+third parameter:</p>
+
+<code>$js = 'onClick="some_function()"';<br />
+<br />
+echo form_input('username', 'johndoe', $js);</code>
+
+<h2>form_password()</h2>
+
+<p>This function is identical in all respects to the <dfn>form_input()</dfn> function above
+except that is sets it as a "password" type.</p>
+
+<h2>form_upload()</h2>
+
+<p>This function is identical in all respects to the <dfn>form_input()</dfn> function above
+except that is sets it as a "file" type, allowing it to be used to upload files.</p>
+
+<h2>form_textarea()</h2>
+
+<p>This function is identical in all respects to the <dfn>form_input()</dfn> function above
+except that it generates a "textarea" type. Note: Instead of the "maxlength" and "size" attributes in the above
+example, you will instead specify "rows" and "cols".</p>
+
+
+<h2>form_dropdown()</h2>
+
+<p>Lets you create a standard drop-down field.  The first parameter will contain the name of the field,
+the second parameter will contain an associative array of options, and the third parameter will contain the
+value you wish to be selected.  Example:</p>
+
+<code>$options = array(<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'small'&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'Small Shirt',<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'med'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'Medium Shirt',<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'large'&nbsp;&nbsp; => 'Large Shirt',<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'xlarge' => 'Extra Large Shirt',<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;);<br />
+<br />
+echo form_dropdown('shirts', $options, 'large');<br />
+<br />
+// Would produce:<br /><br />
+
+&lt;select name="shirts"><br />
+&lt;option value="small">Small Shirt&lt;/option><br />
+&lt;option value="med">Medium  Shirt&lt;/option><br />
+&lt;option value="large" selected>Large Shirt&lt;/option><br />
+&lt;option value="xlarge">Extra Large Shirt&lt;/option><br />
+&lt;/select></code>
+
+
+<p>If you would like the opening &lt;select> to contain  additional data, like JavaScript, you can pass it as a string in the
+fourth parameter:</p>
+
+<code>$js = 'onChange="some_function()"';<br />
+<br />
+echo form_dropdown('shirts', $options, 'large', $js);</code>
+
+
+<h2>form_fieldset()</h2>
+
+<p>Lets you generate fieldset/legend fields.</p>
+<code>echo form_fieldset('Address Information');<br />
+echo &quot;&lt;p&gt;fieldset content here&lt;/p&gt;\n&quot;;<br />
+echo form_fieldset_close();
+<br />
+<br />
+// Produces<br />
+&lt;fieldset id=&quot;address_info&quot;&gt;  
+<br />
+&lt;legend&gt;Address Information&lt;/legend&gt;  
+<br />
+&lt;p&gt;form content here&lt;/p&gt;  
+<br />
+&lt;/fieldset&gt;</code>
+<p>Similar to other functions, you can submit an associative array in the second parameter if you prefer to set additional attributes. </p>
+<p><code>$attributes = array('id' =&gt; 'address_info', 'class' =&gt; 'address_info');<br />
+    echo form_fieldset('Address Information', $attributes);<br />
+echo &quot;&lt;p&gt;fieldset content here&lt;/p&gt;\n&quot;;<br />
+echo form_fieldset_close(); <br />
+<br />
+// Produces<br />
+&lt;fieldset id=&quot;address_info&quot; class=&quot;address_info&quot;&gt; <br />
+&lt;legend&gt;Address Information&lt;/legend&gt; <br />
+&lt;p&gt;form content here&lt;/p&gt; <br />
+&lt;/fieldset&gt;</code></p>
+<h2>form_fieldset_close()</h2>
+<p>Produces a closing &lt;/fieldset&gt; tag.  The only advantage to using this function is it permits you to pass data to it
+    which will be added below the tag.  For example:</p>
+<code>$string = &quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;;<br />
+<br />
+echo fieldset_close($string);<br />
+<br />
+// Would produce:<br />
+&lt;/fieldset&gt;<br />
+&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</code>
+<h2>form_checkbox()</h2>
+<p>Lets you generate a checkbox field. Simple example:</p>
+<code>echo form_checkbox('newsletter', 'accept', TRUE);<br />
+<br />
+// Would produce:<br />
+<br />
+&lt;input type=&quot;checkbox&quot; name=&quot;newsletter&quot; value=&quot;accept&quot; checked=&quot;checked&quot; /&gt;</code>
+<p>The third parameter contains a boolean TRUE/FALSE to determine whether the box should be checked or not.</p>
+<p>Similar to the other form functions in this helper, you can also pass an array of attributes to the function:</p>
+
+<code>$data = array(<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'name'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'newsletter',<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'id'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'newsletter',<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'value'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> 'accept',<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'checked'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=> TRUE,<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'style'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; => 'margin:10px',<br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;);<br />
+<br />
+echo form_checkbox($data);<br />
+<br />
+// Would produce:<br /><br />
+&lt;input type="checkbox" name="newsletter" id="newsletter" value="accept" checked="checked" style="margin:10px" /></code>
+
+<p>As with other functions, if you would like the tag to contain  additional data, like JavaScript, you can pass it as a string in the
+fourth parameter:</p>
+
+<code>$js = 'onClick="some_function()"';<br />
+<br />
+ echo form_checkbox('newsletter', 'accept', TRUE, $js)</code>
+
+
+<h2>form_radio()</h2>
+<p>This function is identical in all respects to the <dfn>form_checkbox()</dfn> function above except that is sets it as a "radio" type.</p>
+
+
+<h2>form_submit()</h2>
+
+<p>Lets you generate a standard submit button. Simple example:</p>
+<code>echo form_submit('mysubmit', 'Submit Post!');<br />
+<br />
+// Would produce:<br />
+<br />
+&lt;input type=&quot;submit&quot; name=&quot;mysubmit&quot; value=&quot;Submit Post!&quot; /&gt;</code>
+<p>Similar to other functions, you can submit an associative array in the first parameter if you prefer to set your own attributes.
+    The third parameter lets you add extra data to your form, like JavaScript.</p>
+<h2>form_label()</h2>
+<p>Lets you generate a &lt;label&gt;. Simple example:</p>
+<code>echo form_label('What is your Name', 'username');<br />
+<br />
+// Would produce:
+<br />
+&lt;label id=&quot;username&quot;&gt;What is your Name&lt;/label&gt;</code>
+<p>Similar to other functions, you can submit an associative array in the third parameter if you prefer to set additional attributes.    </p>
+<p><code>$attributes = array(<br />
+    	 'class' =&gt; 'mycustomclass',<br />
+    	 'style' =&gt; 'color: #000;',<br />
+);<br />
+    echo form_label('What is your Name', 'username', $attributes);<br />
+        <br />
+// Would produce: <br />
+&lt;label id=&quot;username&quot; class=&quot;mycustomclass&quot; style=&quot;color: #000;&quot;&gt;What is your Name&lt;/label&gt;</code></p>
+<h2>form_reset()</h2>
+
+<p>Lets you generate a standard reset button. Use is identical to <dfn>form_submit()</dfn>.</p>
+
+<h2>form_close()</h2>
+
+<p>Produces a closing &lt;/form> tag.  The only advantage to using this function is it permits you to pass data to it
+which will be added below the tag.  For example:</p>
+
+<code>$string = "&lt;/div>&lt;/div>";<br />
+<br />
+echo form_close($string);<br />
+<br />
+// Would produce:<br />
+<br />
+&lt;/form><br />
+&lt;/div>&lt;/div></code>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h2>form_prep()</h2>
+
+<p>Allows you to safely use HTML and characters such as quotes within form elements without breaking out of the form.  Consider this example:</p>
+
+<code>$string = 'Here is a string containing <strong>"quoted"</strong> text.';<br />
+<br />
+&lt;input type="text" name="myform" value="<var>$string</var>" /></code>
+
+<p>Since the above string contains a set of quotes it will cause the form to break.
+The form_prep function converts HTML so that it can be used safely:</p>
+
+<code>&lt;input type="text" name="myform" value="<var>&lt;?php echo form_prep($string); ?></var>" /></code>
+
+<p class="important"><strong>Note:</strong> If you use any of the form helper functions listed in this page the form
+values will be prepped automatically, so there is no need to call this function. Use it only if you are
+creating your own form elements.</p>
+
+
+
+
+</div>
+<!-- END CONTENT -->
+
+
+<div id="footer">
+<p>
+Previous Topic:&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="file_helper.html">File Helper</a>
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